Aisyatur Robia

Analyze Problem in Ecology TITTLE         : The effect of temperature and humidity changes on insects development their impacton forest ecosystems in the expected climate change AUTHOR      : Tomasz Jaworski, Jacek Hilszczański, Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Protection, Sękocin Stary, ul. Braci Leśnej 3, 05–090 Raszyn, Poland, 2013 Ongoing  climate  change  is  mainly  evident  as  increased  in  average  temperature.  It is expected to  have a significant impact on world’s biomes, with forest ecosystems especially vulnerable to these changes. The effect of  climate  change  on  forests  is  both  indirect,  through  its  impact  on  various  tree  species  of  different  ecological requirements, and direct, through its impact on all living components of the forest ecosystem. Among the latter, insects are the group of the greatest importance, including species detrimental to forest health. The impact of climate change on forest insects may be reflected in

Dosen pengampu: 1.       Dr. Hadi Suwono, M.Si 2.       Dr. Vivi Novianti, S.Si, M.Si. Ecological Factors that Constitute the Environment of an Organism In any eco-system, a living organism is influenced by a number of factors and forces. These environmental factors are known as eco- factors or ecological factors. These factors may be biotic (living) and abiotic (non­living). A.     ABIOTIC           I.      Climatic or Aerial factors: (a)    Light Light plays an important role in the species composition and development of vegetation.   And, on an average approximately only 2-3% of this solar energy is used in Primary Productivity. Light intensity shows special variations due to the factors like atmos­pheric water layer, particles dispersed in the air, etc. v Effect of Light on Plants: 1.       The synthesis of chloro­phyll in green plants can take place only in the presence of light.   2.       The rat